His work, done in collaboration with Professor of Genetics Jason Moore, PhD, and colleagues at Vanderbilt University, was published in PLOS Genetics journal on November 7, 2013. Genetic mutations can occur in the cells that are passed on from parent to child and may cause birth defects…
The protein c-MYC is referred to as a master regulator because it controls the activity of hundreds of genes, including many that drive cell growth and cell proliferation. …
MicroRNAs are copies of very short segments of genetic material that modulate gene expression. Researchers have found that dysregulation of microRNAs may play a role in the development of cancer, and microRNA profiles or "signatures" may be used to classify different types of thyroid tumors. By studying tumor tissue from patients with papillary thyroid cancer, the most common endocrine malignancy, PhD candidate James Lee, MBBS, FRACS, of the Kolling Institute of Medical Research and University of Sydney in Australia, under supervision from Professor Stan Sidhu, and his colleagues found that high levels of two specific microRNAs (microRNA-222 and -146b) within tumors indicated that cancer was more likely to recur after patients’ tumors were surgically removed. …
It is a genomic-clinical method able to determinate the prognosis of a patient with lung adenocarcinoma by studying the expression levels of 30 genes and combining the results with other indicators such as age, gender or the stage of the tumor. From this study, patients are classified into phases and from this classification depends their prognosis and treatment…
"Unfortunately, college-age women generally do not consider themselves at risk for breast cancer," said Dr. Mercier. "However, there are several risk factors that contribute to the development of breast cancer that need to be understood early in life to prevent the development of breast cancer down the road." By the end of 2013, more than 230,000 new cases of invasive breast cancer are expected to be diagnosed in the U.S…
Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is the most common type of bladder cancer diagnosed, accounting for 90% of all bladder malignancies in North America, South America, Europe, and Asia. It’s reported that there were an estimated 386,300 new bladder cancer cases and 150,200 deaths in 2008 alone. And the number was up to 170,000 deaths in 2010…
Researchers at Princeton University have found that microRNAs — small bits of genetic material capable of repressing the expression of certain genes — may serve as both therapeutic targets and predictors of metastasis, or a cancer’s spread from its initial site to other parts of the body. The research was published in the journal Cancer Cell. …
The research group, led by Professor Daniel Tenen, Director of CSI Singapore, demonstrated for first time that RNA interacts with an enzyme essential for DNA methylation, known as DNA methyl transferase 1 (DNMT1), offering strategies for the treatment of diseases such as cancer. In this study, the researchers focused on a new class of RNAs, which is critical in regulating DNA methylation. …
Even more promising, clinical research trials at a few select institutions around the country, including Cleveland’s University Hospitals Case Medical Center Seidman Cancer Center, are part of a development in a rising trend toward targeted treatments as a result of genomic profiling of tumors. …
The new method designed by the team, described in the journal Science, identified these variants in the under-explored regions of DNA that do not code for proteins, but instead influence activity of other genes. As even more whole genome sequences become available, this approach can be applied to find any potential disease-causing variant in the non-coding regions of the genome…