Cardiac etiology and treatment (a) the pathological cause of cardiac
And other tumor Like Cardiac cause is not fully understood, dietary factors may be Environmental factors Genetic factors and Helicobacter pylori infection Also exist, such as chronic atrophic gastritis Gastric ulcer Gastric polyp Gastric metaplasia and gastric epithelial cell dysplasia and other precancerous changes. The major ones are the following factors:
1. Nitrosamine compounds proved over the years nitrosamine induced cardiac, 20 kinds of these substances found in certain foods, vegetables and drinking water. Can also be formed in vivo and in vitro. Linxian of Henan Province and other places, such as residents eat the sauerkraut, the Asian high nitrate content.
2. Carcinogenic effects of mold can be induced by moldy food or the mouse gastric cardia precancerous lesions or squamous cell carcinoma, separable from those moldy food out of Geotrichum, yellow mold, Rhizopus and Cladosporium sp Dengjun can induce animal tumors, such fungi and nitrosamines are cancer-promoting synergies. From our survey data to show that some cardiac, high-incidence area than in low-incidence area of food consumption of fermented and moldy more, such as Guangdong Chaozhou-Shantou area residents who eat the fish sauce.
3. Trace elements according to the survey high incidence of cardiac environment outside the body of molybdenum, zinc, copper and nickel content was low.
4. Diet food, physical stimuli such as heat, rough, hard, smoking, alcohol consumption, and nutritional deficiencies may occur with GCA have a certain relationship.
5. Cardia in terms of high incidence of genetic susceptibility or low-fat can be found in areas of high incidence of gastric cardia family. Shows a clear familial aggregation. But this familial aggregation phenomenon is caused by genetic factors for family members or because of a long period of time subject to the same environmental carcinogenic factors, has not been determined.
6. Esophageal cancerous lesions of chronic inflammation of the esophagus, cardiac failure flaccid disease, iron deficiency syndrome, dysphagia, scar narrow, white spot disease, which may lead to cancer.
Cardiac etiology and treatment (b) cardiac surgery indications
To date, cardiac surgery is recognized as the preferred treatment. Because of its histology as adenocarcinoma or mucinous adenocarcinoma, radiation therapy is almost ineffective, chemotherapy effects are minimal. Cardiac surgery indications: The X ray, cytology and endoscopic diagnosis; ultrasonography, abdominal CT scan or laparoscopy, except lymph nodes, liver, adrenal gland, omentum, peritoneum and pelvic metastases, no ascites; general above average, no significant cardiovascular or other organ complications.
Because the anatomical features of cardiac, liver, spleen, transverse colon, tail of the pancreas, kidney, adrenal gland, small intestine, diaphragm, retroperitoneal, and many other organs adjacent to, but also has a rich lymphatic drainage and upward into the mediastinum and down along the greater curvature and the proliferation of small bending two main channels, but also within the infiltration in the stomach wall, even to the full stomach, so it is impossible to show all the digestive tract imaging each of these processes, the application of double contrast radiography blowing agent, you can clearly show tumors, soft tissue , mucosal damage, ulcers, stomach wall thickening of the scope, but the X-ray changes usually lighter than the actual situation. Application of abdominal CT, to understand the relationship between tumor and surrounding organs, but the comparison of CT findings of esophageal and cardia positive findings tend to be less certain, such as whether invading the pancreas, often judged incorrectly, CT suspected infiltration of pancreatic tail when there was no adhesion, CT that is not associated with the pancreas, but the abdominal tumor adhesion and pancreatic infiltration into the group. CT help to identify liver metastases, local lymph node metastasis but is less accurate judgments. In short, the development of cardiac surgery to determine the extent before, estimated the possibility of removal is a very difficult thing, is the clinical to the still unresolved problems. In order not to lose patients to treatment. Abdominal B-, CT and angiography and other tests of the esophagus and stomach positive findings, unless the spread of the transfer has been widely confirmed, should be given to exploration, for removal of lesions and restore the digestive continuity.
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