Liver pathology
Liver pathology to Worldwide, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for the first six cancer, and cancer cause of death for the first three. In 1996 alone, an estimated 54 million new cases worldwide were diagnosed, all the newly found cancer accounted for 5.2% of cases. Mortality rate of HCC after the stomach and esophageal cancer, about 10 people die each year HCC. Studies on the etiology of HCC over the years have been a lot of literature. Generally believed that hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection as the main risk factors, mainly in China to HBV. Investigation by the large number of epidemiological, laboratory and ecological studies, HBV has been declared twice WHO (1983,1987) is caused by liver cirrhosis and HCC important reasons. Western countries currently in the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most important, hepatitis B virus (HBV) back seat, HCV chronic hepatitis obvious tendency, easily converted to liver cirrhosis, hepatitis, cancer rates are higher the more serious, and the occurrence of cycle short, but HCV may have a direct carcinogenic effect. HBV and HCV on the carcinogenic mechanism is still in-depth study. Other non-infectious factors are alcohol, aflatoxin Bl (AFB1), the lack of trace elements such as sun, water pollution. Genetic factors should also be attention.
Liver pathology (1) hepatitis B patients: epidemiological statistics show that hepatitis B is endemic areas are often areas of high incidence of liver cancer, Tang, who had hepatitis B had hepatitis B than in those who did not suffer chance of liver cancer, and this species as high as 10.7 times the risk. Some scholars believe that the way the hepatitis B virus cause liver cancer is due to prior hepatitis B virus causing hepatitis, hepatitis and lead to hardening of the government, the liver cell dysplasia, and then develop into liver cancer; while some scholars believe that chronic hepatitis without cirrhosis can be a direct result of the occurrence of liver cancer. However, in their different point of view, one thing is consistent, ie = hepatitis B virus may be many factors of human liver cancer starts in the main factors.
(2) = long-term consumption of food contaminated by moldy food, foods containing nitrite, and trace elements in food is the lack of sun trigger liver cancer one of the important factors.
(3) persons addicted to alcohol and tobacco; those who paid the wine hobby, a high incidence of liver cirrhosis, and liver cirrhosis and liver cancer and very close. If we increase the amount of smoking, it will accelerate, increasing the formation of liver cirrhosis, the incidence of liver cancer.
(4) in the elderly: most of the high incidence of liver cancer after 40 years of age, this is due to the role of carcinogenic factors need to have a cumulative process, a process of years or even decades. Therefore, patients with liver cancer in the elderly mostly 50_60 is a high incidence between the ages of ages. In addition, the occurrence of liver cancer and related immune function decline. People to middle age, the thymus gradually shrink, and therefore closely related to the endocrine cells in the thymus immune function also gradually weakened, the body can not effectively exclude abnormal cells, cancer also took the opportunity to germinate.
(5) male: male patients suffering from liver cancer significantly more than women. Under normal circumstances, liver, male to female ratio 3_4: 1, that is, the number of male and female patients with hepatocellular carcinoma 3_4 times. Why does the male liver cancer high-risk groups, There is no exact explanation. However, many medical experts that the body of the female liver cancer of estrogen on certain risk factors have a certain antagonism.
Liver pathology, viral hepatitis and liver cancer mainly hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV). Close relationship between the occurrence of liver cancer, the following evidence: the blood of most patients with liver cancer can be detected in HBV or HCV markers. Markers of HBV-positive patients with liver cancer 90%, anti-HCV-positive only about 10%. Japanese and European Zeyi hepatitis C based. epidemiological data show: the crowd positive rate of hepatitis B and liver cancer mortality. Infected with both hepatitis B and hepatitis C, liver cancer incidence rate increased significantly. hepatitis B positive patients the risk of liver cancer is the negative 10_50 times. recently found a virus called HBV X gene to the liver cell gene expression changes induced cancer. This shows that hepatitis B and C are related not only to liver cancer, but also very close, for the study of liver cancer causes, prevention and treatment are important.