Cancer stem cell transplantation 60 years from the 20th century, gradually developed a medical technology, as the initial donor bone marrow by extraction to obtain hematopoietic stem cells, it is also known as bone marrow transplantation. In fact, this concept is not accurate today is not science, because we really collection, donated blood stem cells from bone marrow incomplete. What human body parts in our production and storage of hematopoietic stem cells in it? In general, there are three parts:
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation tumor types: (1) bone marrow: bone marrow, most of the production and storage of hematopoietic stem cells, so we called the bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells. In the bone marrow, hematopoietic stem cells morphologically similar to small lymphocytes, accounted for only about 1% of nucleated cells.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation tumor type (2) and partly in the peripheral blood, that is, there are a small number of hematopoietic blood stem cells.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation tumor types (3) umbilical cord blood: People now know that when my mother after the birth of a child, there are a lot of the umbilical cord, rich in hematopoietic stem cells.
Cancer stem cell transplantation type: Conversely hematopoietic stem cells in which parts of a bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells, peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells, umbilical cord blood hematopoietic stem cells, therefore, bone marrow transplant the concept is not accurate, standardized the concept of should be the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. To explain what is the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, we must first figure out what is the hematopoietic stem cells. Hematopoietic stem cells are the most primitive hematopoietic cells, blood cells "seed", the body of all blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, etc., by the differentiation and development from it. Hematopoietic stem cells also has the self-replication, that generate new stem cell self-complementary, thus going. It also has extensive and specific directional migration (the so-called "homing") features, can be planted in the appropriate priority to locate micro-environment (such as bone marrow, etc.) place. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the application of large doses of chemotherapy and radiotherapy to maximize the killing of tumor cells in vivo in patients, while patients with a comprehensive destruction of the body's blood and immune function, immune cells can not attack the implanted allogeneic cells, the transplanted cells provide a new space. Then the normal hematopoietic stem cells transplanted into the subject by intravenous infusion of the body, rebuilding the hematopoietic system, so that patients with normal hematopoiesis and immune function can be rebuilt.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation at the source of blood stem cells can be divided into parts of bone marrow transplantation, peripheral blood stem cell transplantation and cord blood stem cell transplantation. By hematopoietic stem cells from the patient's own or can be divided into autologous transplantation, the isograft and allograft. Which refers to patients with the gene transfer and transplantation of donor eggs for the genetically identical twin brother or sister.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the treatment of blood diseases, genetic diseases and congenital and metastatic malignant disease multiple effective methods. Allograft age of 50 years of age, autologous transplantation is less than 60 years of chemotherapy and radiotherapy-sensitive, heart, liver, lung, patients with normal renal function can be carried out.