Of malignant lymphoma , although relatively rare, but in recent years, new cases increased year by year, the incidence and mortality of all malignant tumors of the 11-13 bits. The disease can occur at any age, but were mostly young adults, more men than women, urban than rural. Treatment of this disease without the natural survival of 6-18 months, there are several years old cases. If treated suitably I, and 5-year survival of patients with an average of 80%, Hodgkin's disease than non-Hodgkin's lymphoma better prognosis. Cause of malignant lymphoma has not been fully elucidated. Generally believed that the incidence of viral, bacterial infection, immune deficiency, some autoimmune diseases, ionizing radiation, genetic factors and so on.
Malignant lymphoma is a lymphoid hematopoietic tissue derived from solid tumors. Can be divided according to their pathological characteristics of Hodgkin's disease (HD) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) two. The clinical features of a painless, progressive lymphoid hyperplasia, especially in superficial lymph nodes is significant, often accompanied by splenomegaly, advanced anemia, fever and cachexia such as performance.
Violations of the location and extent of lymphoma cells with different clinical manifestations are inconsistent. Primary site in the lymph nodes can also be outside the lymphoid tissue in the lymph nodes. But in general, malignant lymphoma diagnosed way or from the symptoms start, mainly in the following three aspects of performance:
The diagnosis of malignant lymphoma (1) local performance
lymph nodes: including superficial and deep lymph nodes, which is characterized by enlarged lymph nodes showed progressive, painless, hard, and more can contribute to the early adhesion to each other is not, can be integrated with advanced, anti-inflammatory, anti-TB treatment invalid. Superficial lymph nodes in the neck is more common, followed by underarm and groin. Deep in the mediastinum, para-aortic is more common.
lymph nodes caused by local compression symptoms: mainly refers to the deep lymph nodes, such as enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes, the oppression of the esophagus can cause difficulty in swallowing; oppression caused superior vena cava superior vena cava syndrome; compression of the trachea causes coughing, chest tightness, dyspnea and cyanosis and so on.
The diagnosis of malignant lymphoma (2) extranodal disease
Lymphoma can involve the body's tissues. Such as the liver and spleen caused by infiltration of liver and spleen enlargement; infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract caused by abdominal pain, bloating, intestinal obstruction and bleeding; lung and pleural invasion cough, pleural effusion; Bone Road infiltration caused pain, pathological fracture; skin caused by invasion itching of skin, subcutaneous nodules; tonsils and mouth, nose and throat caused by infiltration of difficulty in swallowing, nasal obstruction, epistaxis; infiltration of the nervous system caused by spinal cord compression, cranial neuropathy, and so on. Once patients have the signs and symptoms, they should be checked to the hospital in order to clarify whether the patients had lymphoma.
The diagnosis of malignant lymphoma in two aspects: First, certain types of lymphoma, that is definitely diagnosed; the second is to determine the location and extent of lesions involving, the clinical stage. Diagnosis of malignant lymphoma is the most critical examination of enlarged lymph nodes or tumor taken for pathological tissue examination, the examination can determine if malignant lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease or if you can determine non-Hodgkin's lymph tumor. The diagnosis was established, should be further based on clinical data and the test results clearly lesions involving the location and scope, and estimated clinical stage, easy to guide the treatment and prognosis. There are other checks of blood, urine, liver and kidney function, blood biochemistry, bone marrow aspiration and biopsy, X-ray examination, B-ultrasound, CT examination, MRI examination, lower extremity lymphoscintigraphy, 67Ga scan and other tests.
The diagnosis of malignant lymphoma (3) systemic symptoms
Heating: Heat Multi irregular, mostly in 38 -39 , and some patients showed a sustained high fever may also be intermittent fever, a small number of thermal cycles.
weight loss: the performance of the majority of patients have weight loss, reduction in the 6 months over 10% of original body weight. (3) sweating: sweating at night or after sleep.