The biological characteristics of hepatoma cells, liver cells in morphology, growth characteristics and the karyotype
1. HLF cell morphology and structure of fibroblast-like morphology for the rest of the in vitro human malignant liver tumors mostly epithelial cell morphology. Liver tumor cells were arranged in mosaic and stacking squamous growth, size inequality. Round or oval nucleus, containing vacuoles, usually single-core, a small number of dual-core, there are 3 or more multinucleated giant cells, prominent nucleoli, irregular shape, nuclear / cytoplasm ratio was high. Cytoplasm with coarse particles. Hepatocellular carcinoma cells with epithelial cells and malignant cells of sub-microscopic structure. Join in some cells and desmosomes can be seen more closely at the structure; in the cytoplasm with the tension of the original fibers and the typical ring pattern sheet showed the characteristics of epithelial cells. At the same time as the malignant cells, the nucleus / cytoplasm relationship exception, the nuclear structure abnormalities. Dense chromatin. Surface is rich in villi, found in the cytoplasm, or gather a lot of scattered into a piece of glycogen particles, reduce the number of mitochondria, the internal structure was changed frequently. Golgi complex, the number of ribosomal, especially polymer significantly increased the number of ribosomal. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum and rough endoplasmic reticulum is not only reducing the number of the latter were short tubular or have different degrees of expansion. Various types of secondary lysosomes also increased, also found that a small number of secondary lysosomes was a single layer surrounding a mass of the electron density of the material bodies deep. The lower degree of differentiation of malignant cells than the more obvious features.
The biological characteristics of hepatoma cells, 2. Growth characteristics including mitotic index of cancer cells, growth curve, cell population doubling time. Determination of cell doubling time of construction of lines or cell population doubling time of generation time, reflecting the rate of cell division in the department. Hepatoma cell lines, BEL-7402 cells, doubling time, only 20 hours, BEL-7404 and BEL-7405 cells were 26 and 23 hours; HLE cells 40-45 hours, HLF cells up to 70 hours. HuH-7 hepatoma cells in serum-free medium doubling time was 78.9 hours, the serum containing culture medium than in a doubling time of 126.5 hours in faster growth. Mitosis is one of the pathological features of malignant cells.
It was found that line BEL-7402 and BEL-16 system with all kinds of abnormal cell mitosis graphics. Particularly among medium-term multi-polar disorder splitting and the frequency of chromosome alignment is high. Other abnormal mitosis, including: the late anaphase and chromosome bridge, individual chromosomes left behind, when the chromosomes of interim and final attack knot or condensation, and even showed a dumbbell-stage non-nuclear mitotic and so on. In addition the process of mitosis, in metaphase and prophase cells than other phases of the cell. Metaphase of time than all other stages of a long split. Abnormal mitotic chromosomes may be aneuploid malignant cells and the spindle mechanism of closely related disorders. Animals, xenotransplantation is to determine whether the cultured cells in vitro malignant cells and the degree of malignancy the most convincing evidence. BEL-7402, BEL-7404, BEL-7405, HEL, and HLF cell lines were made by animals such as tumorigenicity rate, it was discovered that all cells in rats or hamsters can a tumor, tumor nodules are still similar to the pathological form their clinical surgical specimens, with structural features of hepatocellular carcinoma.
The biological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma cells, 3. Karyotype chromosome aneuploidy and a high degree of structural abnormalities is another characteristic of malignant cells. Chromosome number of these hepatoma cells are highly aneuploid, HLE cells in vitro chromosome of all the value is 238 days 680BEL-7402, BEL-7404 and BEL-7405 cell lines are an exception exists with long proximal centromere staining A10 addition, in line BEL-7405 cells also appear in the other two types of signs chromosome: proximal small metacentric chromosome and chromosome fragments A2 F10SMMC-7721, Department of cells of the big metacentric chromosome, C group of medium length metacentric chromosome, B sub-group to extend the long arm of metacentric chromosome and the D group extension of proximal long arm of chromosome centromere. SK-HEP-1 lineage cells appeared in large sub-metacentric chromosome.