Based on years of experience in cancer treatment, clinical stage cancer programs a lot. Different tumors have different classifications. Clinical stage cancer programs, but most of the TNM staging by WHO. At the original tumor volume, depth and scope of the invasion and whether violations of nearby organs, whether with or without lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis of lymph node metastasis and organizations comprehensive staging, to determine the stage of tumor progression sooner or later. Early radical resection of malignant multiple choice, supplemented with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the cure rate is high; radical resection of advanced cancer and more lost opportunities, generally only radiotherapy, chemotherapy or biological therapy and other treatment, although able to prolong survival, but cure possibilities.
Clinical stage cancer programs, the International Union Against Cancer (DICC) under the primary tumor size and extent (T), regional lymph nodes (N) involvement as well as tumor metastasis (M) 3 indicators of the tumors were pathological stage. Summarized as follows:
PT primary tumor.
PTis preinvasive cancer (carcinoma in situ).
PTo surgery Histological material not found in the primary tumor.
PTJ, PT2, PT3, PT4 primary tumor progressively increased.
PTx after surgery and histopathological examinations were not sure the range of tumor invasion.
PN regional lymph node.
PNo no regional lymph node metastasis,
PN1, PN2, PN3 local lymph node metastasis increased.
PN4 nearby lymph node metastasis.
PNx tumor invasion can not be determined.