Direct observation of endoscopic cavity organs, brain, abdominal and mediastinal tumor or other lesion changes and desirable cells or tissues for pathological examination to confirm the diagnosis, to determine the possibility of surgery and tumor stage, and thus be in the clinical widely used.
Cancer endoscopy Introduction 1. Esophagoscopy:
1) Indications: poor swallowing, eating obstruction, chest pain, choking, nausea, vomiting, unexplained weight loss and other symptoms, and swallowed foreign body, esophageal cancer, responsible for post-operative follow-up doors, esophageal cancer after radiotherapy review persons. X line lock meal examination: suspected esophageal lesions responsible for the door unknown; esophageal filling defect, esophageal varices, or esophageal cancer who need to further clarify the diagnosis. dragnet cytology in esophageal cancer before surgery or radiotherapy to find the former needs to locate persons, collarbone area lymph node biopsy as metastatic squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma who need to find the primary tumor. early esophageal cancer can not be displayed X-ray body peripheral lesions need to locate those radiation field radiotherapy.
2) Contraindications: acute upper respiratory tract infections; necrotizing esophagitis; serious cardiovascular disease such as aortic aneurysm, pericarditis, coronary heart disease associated with heart failure and made of; had severe lung disease associated with breathing difficulties who tube; esophagus was of active bleeding.
Cancer endoscopy Introduction 2. Endoscopy:
1) Indications: abdominal discomfort or pain; upper gastrointestinal bleeding (hematemesis, melena); abdominal palpable mass, rectal examination revealed that bladder fossa rectal planting; weight loss, anemia, abdominal distension; collarbone area metastasis to find the primary tumor; esophagus, responsible for the door, follow-up examination after gastric surgery; systemic disorders who need to understand the situation of the gastrointestinal tract; patients with esophageal endoscopy indications will line lock meal examination revealed gastroduodenal lesions difficult to set ; stomach, duodenum cancer confirmed by pathology to be; gastric ulcer be diagnosed; pyloric obstruction; upper digestive tract foreign bodies.
2) Contraindications: severe illness, those who can not tolerate risk; may result in severe bleeding esophageal varices, and do not have those emergency measures to stop bleeding; cellular organization gastritis; there were signs of ulcer perforation; active viral hepatitis; have esophagoscopy Check contraindications card.
About 3 tumor endoscopy. Duodenoscopy:
1) Indications: the liver, gallbladder, pancreas benign and malignant tumor, inflammation, and the differential calculus. Yellow obstructive disease, in particular because of Vater caused by periampullary tumors.
2) Contraindications: acute pancreatitis; acute exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis; acute biliary infection; acute hepatic duct infection; acute viral hepatitis; shy contrast agent allergy; can not tolerate or those with endoscopy; esophagus, responsibilities doors, pyloric obstruction, endoscopy can not enter the duodenum.
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