Oral cancer prevention (a) What is oral cancer?
As the name implies, means the occurrence of oral cancer in oral cavity tumors. In clinical practice, including lip cancer, oral cancer, gum cancer, tongue, soft palate cancer, jaw cancer, floor of mouth cancer, oropharyngeal cancer. Salivary gland, and maxillary sinus cancer, and occurred in the facial skin and mucous membranes of the cancer. The most common is the tongue.
Oral cancer prevention (b), what people prone to oral cancer?
We all know, cancer, cancer-causing factors external physical, chemical and biological factors, these factors and immune, genetic and metabolic factors such as the role of internal, so that normal cells into malignant cells and cancer. At present, most believe that the incidence of cancer is a multi-factor, multi-stage and the result of multiple genes. Must be noted that, with the cancer is not necessarily occur cancer. This introduces and tumor-related habits, hobbies, and environmental external factors.
1, tobacco and alcohol
Tobacco is the main factor in the carcinogenic chemical benzene, pyrene, tobacco carcinogens, particularly oral cancer and lung cancer it is now a conclusion. Generally believed that the possibility of long-term smokers of cancer is much higher than non-smokers; smoke cigarettes are more likely to have lung cancer, while smoking bucket, cigars or chewing tobacco are the main cause of oral cancer. Alcohol because of its toxicity to normal cells, damage the liver and inhibits the immune and increase the incidence of the risk of oral cancer, its incidence may increase with the increase in alcohol consumption. More significantly, while alcoholic drinks and tobacco habits have occurred where a higher risk of oral cancer, or spirit, than a single smoked 2 to 3 times higher. Generally agreed that smoking more than 1 pack / day or drinking more than 25 grams / day, suffering from oral cancer or other parts of the likelihood of cancer is much higher than non-smokers or drinkers. About 2 / 3 oral cancer patients are men, but in the last 10 years, with the increase in the number of women smokers, the incidence of oral cancer is gradually narrowing the gap between the sexes.
2, diffuse irritation and damage
In the mouth with sharp teeth sharp, root, residual crown, ridge and poor restorations, their corresponding parts of the long-term chronic stimulation by the cancer may occur, especially common in the tongue and buccal cancer. Statistics show that 1 / 5 of patients with oral cancer in the cancerous parts of a sharp-stimulating factor. In addition, poor oral hygiene are the long-term chronic inflammation may also become a cancer-promoting factors.
3, UV and ionizing radiation
Outdoor workers, long-term exposure to direct sunlight, its lip cancer and skin cancer rates are higher. Ionizing radiation can cause genetic material welfare changes in DNA, activating genes that lead to cancer tumors, whether or X-r line has carcinogenic effects. In Guangdong Province, due to the extensive application of radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, radiation area any part of the second primary oral cancer has the risk of increased morbidity.
4, other
A and B2, such as micro-elements and trace elements iron, zinc and arsenic, etc. will increase the body's lack of sensitivity to carcinogens.
In addition, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and viral infections as a result of low immunity diseases, stress or depression, endocrine disorders, genetic susceptibility and radiation and so may lead to oral cancer.
Prevention of oral cancer (three), oral cancer which precancerous conditions?
Precancerous disease is the role of certain factors, cancer can occur independent of the disease. Precancerous oral cancer-related diseases include the following:
1, oral leukoplakia leukoplakia is a recognized precancerous disease, can be expressed as equatorial white lesion, or showed a crepe-like, granular, or even ulceration. Occur in the cheek, lips and mucous membranes. The cancer rate of oral leukoplakia can be more than 5%.
2, erythema erythema of oral mucosa has been considered in recent years, a higher rate than in leukoplakia of the disease. Although the incidence of erythema much lower than white, but the danger should not be overlooked, cancer rate of 90%. Tongue, floor of mouth and pharyngeal erythema side is considered a high risk area.
3, lichen planus lichen planus is a common oral mucosal disease, the cancer rate of about 1% to erosive, atrophic type and plaque easier to malignancy, the most common sites were buccal mucosa.
4, oral submucous fibrosis lesions of oral submucous fibrosis lesions were considered related to betel nut chewing, 1 / 3 of those who eventually develop into cancer. Mainly for food burning, dry mouth, oral mucosa atrophy. Common in both sides of the buccal mucosa and lips, tongue and other parts.
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