First, the son of cervical cancer in the concept of
Cervical cancer(cervical carcinoma)is the world's women are the most common malignant reproductive tract tumors.In the economically underdeveloped countries and regions in the incidence rate among women first, women in developed countries its incidence is far lower than breast cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer, ranking fourth.In the past20years because of the tumor to carry out a wide range of tertiary prevention, the improvement of women's health status, the incidence rate decreased significantly, but still ranks first in the female genital malignancies.Improve the treatment technology and methods improve, the overall 5-year cervical cancer survival rate reached 60% to 65%, the mortality rate has been70years ofthe 20thcentury, generations of10/10million down to about 3 904 / 10million.
Second, the epidemiological factors:
Epidemiological factors for cervical cancer(a) infection factors
1.HPV(human papilloma virus, HPV)infection: more and more evidence to support theHPVinfection and cervical intraepithelial lesion(cervical intraepithelialneoplasia, eIN) and the close relationship between cervical carcinoma.Currentlymorethan70species have been found inmorethan20subtypes ofHPVtype and the female reproductive tract diseases, of which 16,18type and the occurrence of cervical cancer.HPV -16and keratinocyte squamous cell carcinoma,HPV -18in invasive carcinoma with poor differentiation and lymph node metastasis rate related.
2.Other infections: virus-E Yan marks(HSV – II)was first considered a risk factor for cervical cancer.Other cervical cancer-related infections such as syphilis, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, human cytomegalovirus, chlamydia infection and cervical cancer are also relevant, and with the type of infection increases the risk of cervical cancer resistance also increased.
Epidemiological factors for cervical cancer(b) sex
Clinical studies found that early sexual activity (younger than15years of age of first sexual intercourse), sexual confusion are (more than 6 sex partners), increased risk of cervical cancer5 to 10times.Male sexual behavior and also influence the incidence of cervical cancer, cervical cancer research discovery spouse number of sexual partners than control group.
Epidemiological factors for cervical cancer(c) factors of marriage and pregnancy
Statistical data confirm that the unmarried and not maternal Girls, significantly lower incidence of cervical cancer, and early marriage, early motherhood, fertility, multiple marriages were incidence.This is the number of deliveries increased more than the trauma of the cervix, pregnancy on the endocrine and immune function related.
Epidemiological factors for cervical cancer epidemic factors for cervical cancer (IV)-smoking
Epidemiological survey, prevalence of smokers increased risk of cervical cancer.
Epidemiological factors for cervical cancer(e) methods of contraception
Oral contraceptives is still not sure and the occurrence of cervical cancer, but studies show that long-term oral contraceptive for women (longer than8years), the occurrence of a higher risk of cervical adenocarcinoma.The application of barrier methods are, cervical cancer risk is very low, probably due to the use of barrier contraception has a protective effect on the cervix, reducing the chance of exposure to infection.
(Vi) other factors
In developed countries, cervical cancer is a disease of women socio-economic status.This may be the work of women in contact with different sectors of the spread of substances, carcinogenic substances, sexual health and eating habits.