Tumor injection, tumor drug injection drug toxicity can be used, directly to the tumor cells, tumor cell degeneration and necrosis, and also by changing the ratio of the host tumor immune potential to improve the level of the host, an indirect effect on tumors. Commonly used injectable drugs, including ethanol, acetic acid, hot saline, chemotherapy drugs, radionuclides, and some Chinese medicine.
Ethanol has toxic effects at the cellular level. 95% -99.9% ethanol into the tumor, the ethanol diffusion into the cells, tumor cells can dehydration, fixation, protein coagulation, degeneration, necrosis, small vessel wall appears degeneration and tumor endothelial cell damage, thrombosis, blocking blood supply , leading to liver cell death and fibrosis. U.S. blue with a mixture of ethanol injection after pathological examination revealed the tumor, large tumor along the needle pathway has a large necrosis, for the more fibrous tissue containing tumor, uneven dye distribution, the multi-point injection can be fully dispersed ; diameter of less than 2cm tumor, dye distribution, complete necrosis; for some tumors larger than 2cm but low echo ultrasound, CT examination for the low density of the tumor, dyes can also be evenly distributed.
Acetic acid in the protein on the role of coagulation necrosis can. With 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 70% and 100% 5ml of acetic acid were injected into rabbit liver, necrotic areas are seen in the round 2-3 days after the formation of fibers around the necrotic area with, over time, necrotic area gradually absorbed, with a gradually increasing fiber. Necrosis increased with the increase of acetic acid concentration, when the concentration of 50% will no longer be increased. Concentration of more than 20% necrosis caused by ethanol than the element of water caused by a large necrotic area. Boiling salt water or boiling contrast agents are due to scald the liver tissue necrosis. Injection immediately after the injection point of the temperature rose to 800C, at 1cm away from the injection point temperature is also increased, but not seen at 2cm temperature changes. With the injection rate increases, a corresponding rise in temperature, suggesting that the amount injected can be controlled by adjusting the range of treatment.
Some chemotherapy drugs, such as mitomycin C, after tumor injection, directly to the tumor cells, showing large areas of necrosis of cancer tissue, showing a large number of fibrous tissue hyperplasia; electron microscopy showed vacuolated plasma cells, nuclear pyknosis, necrosis . With other drugs such as cisplatin common use, may improve the outcome. Medicine to a certain drugs such as cantharidin, cinobufotalin, a large number of allicin can kill other cancer cells, inhibit the growth of cancer cells, and can provoke immune attacks on the surrounding tissue, resulting in anti-cancer effect. 90y as a radionuclide, the form of glass microspheres, with a wide range of destruction, little effect on liver function, the short half-life and other characteristics, is now considered the ideal treatment of liver cancer radionuclides. Experimental studies have shown that 90y, in mice with transplanted liver cancer cell killing effect was, and with the dose, lethal irradiation treatment increased 90yo induced coagulation necrosis of tumor necrosis is replaced by connective tissue proliferation of collagen fibers . Intratumoral dose of 90y, no obvious side effects.
Tumor injection, colloidal 32p is a 20-50m in diameter of large particle suspension is non-toxic inert material on the body, stable, and a variety of diluents or mixture of pharmaceutical preparations, without affecting the stability of colloidal , can withstand strong shaking without affecting its stability. After more than does not dissolve into the body fluids, mainly in the injection site. Small part by the macrophages, transport, into the blood by the lymphatic circulation, so that the tumor tissue to obtain a higher amount of radiation, and less damaging to normal tissues.