Nasopharyngeal cancer radiotherapy, radiation therapy is the most important method of treatment. However, relatively late for some patients, the integrated use of chemotherapy may improve the outcome.
Nasopharyngeal cancer treatment to individual treatment of the principle of layer: 1 / n of patients with external beam radiotherapy alone or external beam radiotherapy afterloading radiotherapy ten nasopharynx; for IN patients with radiotherapy + chemotherapy of a comprehensive treatment; of existing should be used in patients with distant metastases to chemotherapy, and palliative radiotherapy.
By 60Co -ray sources, high-energy X-ray linear accelerator, or high energy from the rays. Exposure to such centers based, supplemented by intracavitary brachytherapy, if necessary, can add to stereotactic radiotherapy. Exposure include nasopharyngeal primary tumor, invasion of adjacent areas may expand and nasopharyngeal lymphatic drainage area. Around the nasopharynx are the vital organs, so the radiation field design and positioning should be precise, the maximum, including tumor tissue, while minimizing exposure to surrounding normal tissue dose.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma radiotherapy into the mold through the low melting point lead block to give patients an irregular face, neck and joint field after field of irregular shrinkage differences between the face and neck irradiation for such centers, can better protect the brain, brain stem, spinal cord and crystal, and other important organs, to reduce anti-bandit radiotherapy to improve the quality of life. Intensity modulated radiation therapy in the three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy developed on the basis of a new technology, both to make the shape of the radiation zone in three dimensions and shape of the phase by irradiation for cancer, but also according to the tumor and the needs of the surrounding normal tissue were given different doses, and further reduction in tumor adjacent normal tissues or organs affected by exposure dose, is more conducive to protect normal tissues and organs function. Dose: Dose 66Gy_70Gy/33_35 times nasopharynx _7 weeks 16.5 weeks; cervical lymph node-positive patient for radical 60Gy_70Gy/30_35 times / week for 6 weeks _7; for prevention of cervical lymph node negative amount 50Gy_56Gy/25_28 times / 5 weeks _5 . 5 weeks.
Radiation reaction is under the rays appear temporary and reversible general or local reaction. Systemic reaction manifested as insomnia, dizziness, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, appetite loss, and abnormal taste; local reactions primarily manifested as skin, oral membranes and parotid Craftiness acute reaction, the reaction of the degree of fractionated irradiation method and irradiated sites related with the irradiated area.
Nasopharyngeal cancer radiotherapy, radiation injury is the role of radiation caused permanent irreversible tissue and organ damage, such as the parotid gland radiation injury, radiation otitis media, radioactive jaw arthritis, osteomyelitis mandible radioactive, radioactive leap teeth, radioactive pituitary dysfunction, radiation optic nerve injury, spinal cord injury in brain radiation, radiation and neck skin atrophy and muscle fibrosis.