Tumor embolization agent treatment, cancer treatment during the process of a substance into the blood vessels by the catheter, blocking the blood vessel in order to achieve therapeutic purposes, this method is called embolization, the embolic agent is the substance injected. Embolic agents, many different types, used to press the action time is divided into three categories: short-acting class of embolic agents: within 48 hours absorption, such as autologous blood clot; in effect class embolic agent: in 48 hours to 1 month absorption, such as gelatin sponge (7-21 days absorption); long-acting class of embolic agents: absorption time for the six months or more, such as ethanol, stainless steel rings, and other organizations to teach mixture, Chinese white, and because of embolization time of more than 6 months, it is also attributable to this class.
Embolization of the tumor is usually not short-acting type embolic agent, the new addition to embolization embolic agent still have other functions outside the role. To this end, the author advocates the role of the embolic agent is divided into two categories according to: a simple class: these embolic agents caused only a simple blood clots, not both other roles, such as gelatin sponge, stainless steel ring, polyvinyl alcohol (Ivalon), Bucplate, etc.; complex classes: In addition to embolization embolic agent such things, also has other functions, such as a chemical treatment, the formation of chemical embolization (eg, shy of the oil emulsion, with microspheres <capsule>), Chinese white, and I operation of oil microspheres, also falls into this category, with radiation, the formation of radioactive embolization (such as radioactive microspheres), alcohol can cause immediate result of protein coagulation and cell damaging effects, and therefore also been included in the complex category.
Here are three kinds of commonly used embolic agents.
1. Shy of oil as the liquid embolic agent, a pro-tumor, is a peripheral embolism in 1979 by a Japanese scholar Kenichiro Bear first discovered for the diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer, liver cancer most commonly used embolic agents. Since:
(1) shy of oil supply of liver cancer by selectively siphoning blood vessels into the tumor tissue.
(2) tortuous tumor blood vessels to dilate, and the lack of nerves, high permeability, straining shy of stagnation of a large flow of oil can not easily be broken up.
(3) the lack of hepatocellular carcinoma and the lymphatic system of monocytes shy oil return systems remove particles, so the calamity oil can accumulate in the long term within the tumor. The normal liver has a sound system of vascular structure and swallowed, so shy to enter the part of the oil can be removed within a few days.
Tumor embolization agent therapy, virtuous oil as embolic agent has the following characteristics:
long-term (1_2 years) accumulate in the liver of tumor blood vessels, embolism from the long-lasting effect.
shy after filling the oil can on behalf of tumor size and shape of the basic changes.
shy of oil showed a small tumor nodules is superior to angiography, the tumor can accurately determine the distribution of the range, for further treatment (such as surgical removal of) the possibility and scope to provide a reliable basis.
other treatments do not affect the implementation and repeated embolization.
embolic agent often used as a virtuous oil emulsion or suspension of various chemotherapeutic agents embedded in blocking tumor blood supply at the same time, you can play the role of local chemotherapy, and can maintain the drug concentration in a long time and biological activity, effectively killer cells.
Shy of oil are often associated with chemotherapy drugs such as mitomycin C, doxorubicin (adriamycin), epirubicin (EPI) and other mixed into the emulsion used, so as to increase the drug concentration in parts of embolization and delayed medication release, the formation of chemical embolization. Can also be used alone, but the effects are not as good as the former. Radionuclides, such as tags, you can form a radioactive embolization. Commonly used dose of 10_20, it is desirable to slow the interval shy of the oil injection have enough time to enter the tumor tissue, small blood vessels of the tumor lesions and even more so. Currently used agents shy of 40% oil, 38% shy of oil. The former education major consistency with the water-soluble chemotherapeutic agents emulsified difficult (when adding 1_2 shy meglumine plastic or rubber, and other general, can become easily emulsified), reaction injection large, but inexpensive; the latter is the opposite. Clinical use in recent years, more ultra-liquefied calamity oil (andreguerber, Aulnay-sous-bois, France) particle diameter is small, it is easy through the micro catheter injection, normal liver tissue damage is relatively small and rarely cause severe liver pain . Shy of the oil directly with doxorubicin or epirubicin emulsified powder, etc., and can be adjusted by adding appropriate amount of contrast agent to teach consistency.
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