Tag Archives: biological

Swine flu outbreak in India raises concern: New strain of H1N1 may carry dangerous mutations

The findings, which appear in the March 11 issue of Cell Host & Microbe, contradict previous reports from Indian health officials that the strain has not changed from the version of H1N1 that emerged in 2009 and has been circulating around the world ever since. With very little scientific data available about the new strain, the MIT researchers stress the need for better surveillance to track the outbreak and to help scientists to determine how to respond to this influenza variant. …

To sleep, perchance to dream of a cure

And once the sleep was lost, there was no getting its positive effect back by allowing extra rest later. In “Recovery Sleep Does Not Mitigate the Effects of Prior Sleep Loss on Paclitaxel-Induced Mechanical Hypersensitivity in Sprague-Dawley Rats,” a preclinical study published in Biological Research for Nursing, restricted sleep among rats led to worse reactions to PAC, associated with painful, debilitating peripheral neuropathy of the hands and feet that may persist long after therapy is completed. According to the study, “How poor sleep sets the stage for adverse outcomes among people diagnosed with cancer is not entirely understood…

Gene discovered that reduces risk of stroke

Researchers from Royal Holloway, University of London, together with an international team from across the United States and Europe, have found that people with a specific variant of a gene, known as PHACTR1, are at reduced risk of suffering cervical artery dissection, which is caused by a tear in an artery that leads to the brain. The new discovery, published in the journal Nature Genetics, could lead to new treatments and prevention strategies for the disease, which is a major cause of stroke in young adults. The same gene variant has also been identified as a protector against migraines and affects the risk of heart attack. Professor Pankaj Sharma, from the School of Biological Sciences at Royal Holloway, said: “This is an important breakthrough…

Decoding the emergence of metastatic cancer stem cells

“Cells have genetic circuits that are used to switch certain behaviors on and off,” said biophysicist Eshel Ben-Jacob, a senior investigator at Rice’s Center for Theoretical Biological Physics and co-author of a new study in the Journal of the Royal Society Interface. “Though some of the circuits for metastasis have been mapped, this is the first study to examine how cancer uses two of those circuits, in concert, to produce not just cancer stem cells, but also dangerous packs of hybrid stem-like-cells that travel in groups to colonize other parts of the body.” Metastasis — the spread of cancer between organs — causes more than 90 percent of cancer deaths, but not all tumor cells can metastasize…

Cell division discovery could offer fresh insight into cancer

Scientists have explained a key part of the process of cell division, by which cells are able to keep our organs functioning properly. They discovered a set of proteins that stabilise the sequence of events in which cells duplicate their DNA and then separate into two new cells, each identical to the original. Flaws in this delicate, complex operation can lead to cancer. The findings help explain a fundamental process in all living things, in which cells must continually divide to keep the organism alive and well…

Scientists make advance in cancer research

The most advanced version of vβ3-integrin antagonists failed clinical trials to treat aggressive forms of brain cancer. But research published today in the American Heart Association’s journal Circulation Research shows that targeting the protein in question could still be vital in stopping the growth of tumors. Not least because the drugs targeting it cause minimal side effects compared to other drugs — which can cause bleeding in the gut and high blood pressure. tumors must recruit their own blood supply to grow beyond a very small size…

Regulation of cancer-causing protein could lead to new therapeutic targets

Atsuo Sasaki, PhD, a member of the CCC, the UC Cancer Institute and the UC Brain Tumor Center as well as an assistant professor in the division of hematology oncology within the department of internal medicine, is the principal investigator on the study, which is published in the Dec. 13, 2013, online edition of the Journal of Biological Chemistry. …