From the purpose of treatment, the tumor is mainly used for palliative surgical treatment to reduce symptoms or improve function. Such as reducing pain, ulcerative tumor resection to reduce bleeding and infection, reduce cough and asthma to improve sleep, relieve choking or obstruction. The basic starting point in the surgery is not increased in patients with more burdens and pain, prolong life. Mainly used in relatively advanced tumors, a larger area, infiltration of a wide range of patients. Strictly speaking, palliative surgery is only in part of comprehensive treatment, in its constant need for preoperative or postoperative radiotherapy, chemotherapy and other treatment. Commonly used clinically in patients with stomach palliative, bladder hazy lean manufacturing operation, part of organ resection and anastomosis intestinal diversion, nerve block technique, such as vascular ligation.
Cancer palliative surgical treatment 1. made thin Clinical commonly used in the stomach, colon, bladder and advanced esophageal cancer patients. In the event of obstruction and can not have extensive surgical resection or surgery when the transfer should not be in the past, often choose to supply food gastrostomy repeated, but not necessarily proven to extend lives of patients. Currently advocated radiotherapy, chemotherapy or esophageal intubation methods, such as after radiotherapy for esophageal obstruction caused by epilepsy marks do gastrostomy thin, thin enterostomy. In advanced unresectable rectal cancer, the bowel can be made thinner to receive alleviate suffering and prolong life in patients with the results. But any part of the desolate are forced Wu Nai-making, whether it is intestinal, esophageal, and bladder is very painful made desolate. Not a last resort is best not to make thin, or should create conditions for the diversion of tumor resection or bypass as well.
2. Bowel anastomosis bypass is more commonly used clinically in patients palliative one. Mainly used in advanced abdominal organs, cancer, surgical resection is not obvious obstruction. To relieve symptoms and remove the obstruction. Abuse and oppression, such as membrane of bile duct cancer, the gallbladder anastomosis can remove the obstruction of yellow disease. Esophagus, stomach or esophagus, esophageal cancer caused by lifting jejunostomy obstruction, cervical cancer patients with urinary tract ureteral transplantation Tan ease resistance, etc., belong to this category in palliative surgery. Although the tumor can not be alleviated, but temporary or short term improvement in symptoms is effective.
3. This is a nerve block technique by surgery, to relieve and alleviate the pain of advanced cancer patients with palliative methods. Cut off the nerve bundles as requested, and time is earlier, the control range to far-reaching, advanced patient has severe pain the result is not satisfactory and sometimes paralysis because of loss of consciousness and even more painful. If order to alleviate the pain caused by intestinal cancer can be cut off after the lateral spinal cord, oral cavity cancer facial pain awarded cut the trigeminal nerve or H, Tian cranial nerve root. Cut off in the early implementation of the requirements, but often not reached in the early pain to some extent, the patient underwent surgery for this in many not happy, just be patient long-term treatment of pain in patients with advanced and poor, it is not commonly used clinically.
Palliative surgical treatment of tumors 4. Organ partial or total excision of recent years, with surgical techniques and anesthetic techniques, improved, including some important parts of the tumor can be removed for cancer and organ with all the methods to maximize prolong life, such as esophagectomy with jejunal on behalf of the esophagus, stomach, colon resection of stomach, head and neck after radical resection of advanced carcinoma of the skin flap with the muscle function such as repair or reconstruction of defects. Although it is not able to be cured as early as patients, but to maximize the improvement of quality of life of patients. If supported by other effective postoperative systemic treatment may also obtain similar curative surgery satisfactory in treatment. Also with the advances in surgical techniques, indications about the surgery is also expanding. Over the past that the abdominal organs of the tumor, such as stomach, liver and intestinal cancer peritoneal metastasis has occurred are regarded as curative in surgery contraindication. But in recent years, saw on the exploration of liver metastases, but small lesions, liver function is still normal, still actively seek and complete resection of primary lesions, or both for surgical resection and postoperative patients can survive for a long time health ( l_2 years or longer), so give up the radical than in the surgery, palliative treatment only with much better results.