China is the world's highest esophageal cancer incidence and mortality countries.Distribution of endemic area of esophageal cancer ,1998 – 2002 National sample survey cause of death, the Chinese esophageal cancer mortality 17.33/10 million, in the tone rate (calculated using the standardized form of China's population mortality) was 15.02/10 million, accounting for 16% of cancer deaths, the cause of death in malignant tumors, esophageal cancer ranks No. 4. Taixing City in 1991 – 1995 epidemiological survey of esophageal cancer was found in the ancient river area the highest incidence of esophageal cancer, as 127.44/10 million, followed by Qu Xia District 11.73/10 million) and Hua Jiang District (107.85/10 million), the lowest Taixing City (41.85/10 million), while the port, the city yellow, Vision Fort Huangqiao four districts in the lower level, the incidence rate was 66.54/10 million 65.86/10 million 65.19/10 million and 61.76/10 million. High incidence of esophageal cancer in Jiangsu is one of Huai'an, the incidence of esophageal cancer was still present in the area of 69.47/10 million people. Environmental risk factors on esophageal cancer found that a large number of studies, smoking, alcohol consumption, exposure to nitrite rubber, water and living environment factors and is closely related to the development of esophageal cancer. Taixing City in 1991 – 1995 epidemiological survey of esophageal cancer found that industrial pollution in the village population incidence rate of 132.52/10 million people without industrial pollution, the incidence rate of 66.74/10 million village; drinking water, residents of Ponds incidence rate of 99.74/10 million are drinking well water was 78.37/10 million 16.06/10 million for drinking water.
Distribution of endemic area of esophageal cancer, esophageal cancer is a common digestive tract cancer, cancer incidence in the world's first 8-bit, bit 6 of mortality. The mortality rate of esophageal cancer in the world, although the mortality rate of esophageal cancer has declined in recent years, but the decline is not obvious, in some high incidence of esophageal cancer, the morbidity and mortality remains high.
Esophageal cancer prevalence regional distribution, esophageal cancer occurs throughout the world, different countries and regions, the incidence of significant differences. High incidence of esophageal cancer worldwide, concentrated in the Northeast Asia, Central Asia, South Asia, southern Africa, Latin America and France Bulieteni areas, while most parts of Europe, North America, the incidence is low. High incidence of esophageal cancer in China located in Henan, Anhui, Hubei and Shanxi provinces of the southern section of the junction of Taihang Mountains, Henan, Shaanxi, Hubei provinces at the junction of the Qinling Department, Shanxi, Hebei and Henan provinces and the junction of Taihang mountain area of northern Sichuan, Jiangsu, Fujian Guangdong border mountains, Kazakh and other residential areas. 1974–1976 National Review of Cancer Mortality Survey, died of esophageal cancer accounted for 21.8% of cancer deaths, second only to cancer, ranking No. 2. 1990–1992 27 provinces and cities in the national sample of popular regional distribution of Cancer Mortality in esophageal cancer mortality rate was 17.38/10 million, accounting for 16.41% of all deaths, cancer, after stomach cancer, liver cancer and lung cancer ranks 4, representing a slight decrease in the 70s, however, the mortality rate in rural areas (20.10/10 million) was significantly higher than in urban (9.62/10 million). China Forest City (formerly Linxian) of improved drinking water so that the incidence of esophageal cancer rate fell to 73.01/10 150.93/10 million million million to mortality from 115.95/10 58.86/10 million. Minqin County 1998 – 2002 the cumulative total population of the county was 1,513,900 homes sleep knowledge management disease 794 cases (male 540, female 254), average crude incidence rate of esophageal cancer 51.59/10 million (male 86.46 / 100,000, female 40.59/10 million). China's population adjusted incidence rate of 59.62/10 million, crude incidence rate of esophageal cancer sex ratio (male: female) was 2.13, adjusted rate of China's population sex ratio (male: female) was 2.06. Male and female crude incidence rate by the SPSS software test data RXC table, the difference was statistically significant (X2 = 36.48, P <0.01).
Another distribution of esophageal cancer among different ethnic groups the incidence is significantly different. Kazakh residents of the highest incidence of esophageal cancer may be related to special dietary habits, followed by the sticky race, Uygur, Han. The incidence of African Americans than whites. Epidemiological survey found that immigrants in eastern Siberia, the incidence of local people to move to 100 times the Russians, the Chinese in Singapore, the incidence is much higher than the locals. This caused differences in the incidence of different races the exact cause is unknown, may be lifestyle or genetic predisposition. In addition, histology of esophageal cancer are also obvious differences with Western countries, more than 90% of esophageal cancer was squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus, and esophageal cancer in Western countries, mostly adenocarcinoma of the esophagus.
Different ages, the incidence of esophageal cancer are quite different.Distribution of endemic area of esophageal cancer, esophageal cancer in our previous data show that the majority of onset after the age of 40, and its incidence increases with age to rise. In recent years, statistics showed that the incidence of esophageal cancer in up to age 60 – 64 years old, seem to suggest that the incidence of esophageal cancer after the age trend of transport. After the diagnosis of esophageal cancer in the United States age 66 years, indicating the onset of esophageal cancer is also backward trend. The reason this happens is unclear, which may be related to the prevention from an early age and aging on society as a whole. On the relationship between gender and the disease, most previous data were slightly higher than the incidence of women think of men, but in high-prone areas, there is no significant difference in incidence between men and women.