Psychological care of patients with gastric cancer, psychological factors can cause the disease, and disease and react on the psychological state. Many cancer patients have had long periods of normal mood state, particularly over-stretched and over-the history of depression. Proposed in recent years "C-type personality" is considered to be cancer prone personality, its performance for the cooperation, good self-restraint, depressed and introverted, and other defense and retreat. These negative emotions can inhibit the immune system and affect immune surveillance against tumor cells, resulting in active tumor cells, tumor development and progression. Cancer itself, but also as a vicious stimulate the patient have a serious psychological impact. Gastric cancer, too, face the threat of cancer patients to go through a treatment of diseases and complex understanding of psychological adaptation. Nurses provide to patients through the cancer treatment information, and use of communication skills, to psychological support to patients, patients in favor of the tension adjustment and adaptation.
Psychological care of patients with gastric cancer (a) prevention and early detection of morbid psychology
Should anxiety, depression and fear and sadness to the normal identification. Emotional pain from the normal psychological reactions to the abnormal development is a continuous process. Sometimes the diagnosis of cancer patients to adapt to the process was transferred to a longer duration of depression and anxiety. Early detection of such a morbid mentality should be psychological counseling or drug treatment.
1. Depression manifests itself as a depression filled with feelings of sadness, is the resistance of the surrounding environment. Severe depression, loss of interest in things around, and not from the past activities of interest to be happy and feel that these activities in the future suffering and death do not matter. Feelings of hopelessness gastric permeable to all aspects of life, and even suicidal intent. Suicide is common in patients with severe depression should be wary of accidents. Patients in the depression seems the world is bleak, his weakness, blame their own illness or repeatedly about his past words and deeds, have a sense of guilt or remorse feeling. Psychological changes and depression symptoms of the disease but also intertwined with the interaction, resulting in significantly diminished the patient's appetite and weight loss. Medical staff should be aware of the patient response to mental disorders such desperate need for timely psychological counseling and spiritual support to patients in a sympathetic atmosphere out their feelings, and then to give specific help, including behavior therapy, to relax training, patient monitoring their own church negative emotion, foster the spirit of a struggle. If necessary, take with antidepressant drug treatment.
2. Anxiety, fear, anxiety is a natural reaction for most cancer patients experience the disease process. When fear become continuous, can not overcome the anxiety, the need for psychological counseling and treatment. Anxiety patients are worried and tense, the fear of gastric cancer completely occupied their thoughts, such as the treatment of pain, recurrence and disease progression, in which patients lose the ability to cope. And, like depression, anxiety and physical symptoms of cross-cutting, the patient may be excessive self-regulation activities such as palpitations, tremor, sweating, dry mouth and so on. When patients continue to present their physical and mental pain, can be clinically diagnosed as typical anxiety.
First of all healthcare workers should establish the confidence of cancer can be cured. Common clinical cases of survival with cancer, can also lead a normal life. Therefore, in any case should not abandon the patient's support. To a high degree of compassion and responsibility, to take effective measures to control tumor development, alleviate the suffering of patients and to their full emotional to infect patients. Strong will to enhance the patient's tolerance of all kinds of discomfort, intensive care and excellent technology, can eliminate the suffering of mental patients, the medical staff to increase patient trust and security, which is good psychological care of cancer patients basis.
Psychological care of patients with gastric cancer (b) the psychological changes in early disease and care lp
Fear is a common malignant tumor of psychological reactions. According to the literature reports, the common fear of cancer, there is the fear of the unknown disease, the fear of loneliness, fear of pain, fear of separation and other family members. Fear often evoke comparison of past and future associations and memories, resulting in negative emotions.
Nurses first get the patient out of fear of the unknown disease. For a long time on whether to truthfully tell the patient the diagnosis of cancer, there are different views. Studies show that 80% of the patients are willing to know their diagnosis. Therefore, the cancer once diagnosed with the disease and doctors should be told the patient treatment programs. Some surveys of cancer patients in various stages of the disease, and patients diagnosed with anxiety when the largest out-patient nurses should play an active advisory and support role.
Most cancer patients that there will be a shock period, known as the "diagnosis shock." Patients in shock states strenuously denied in the diagnosis, diagnostic report suspected an error, which is a protective response, to make themselves stand the fight against cancer. To this end, the patient can not give up prematurely forced to face the reality of his denial. Reason for the loss of patients, to give understanding and care, and protect the patient. When a patient has been gradually realized that he does have cancer, they will fall into extreme pain, then need more thoughtful and caring nurses.
Psychological care of patients with gastric cancer (c) changes in disease treatment and care of the psychological stages of
Stage in the treatment of cancer patients, suffering from cancer diagnosis and treatment of dual mental stress. Wide surgical excision, often affect the body or organ in which the normal function of the tumor. Should be fully understands the patient's psychological changes, patiently explained the preoperative surgery to help doctors save lives and prevent the need for tumor recurrence; surgery to help patients rebuild the body functions, such as language training, counseling and physical absence made desolate part of the compensation and so on. Please patients have been cured of their own experiences, often receive a unique effect.
Radiotherapy and chemotherapy side effects such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, fatigue, etc., often makes the patient's anxiety increased. Some patients are indifferent to death, but could not tolerate the side effects of treatment. Some patients there is an unrealistic expectation of treatment, but also one of the reasons to increase anxiety. Therefore, before the treatment, do a good job to explain the work, so that patients understand the treatment effect, a brief procedure, possible side effects and the need to meet the issues, this is psychological care of cancer link can not be ignored; the end of treatment , the timely resumption of part of the work, the patient can understand their own value and role in society, thereby re-exciting.
(D) the late stage of disease, psychological changes and care
Fear of advanced cancer patients, can be expressed as weakness, pain, anorexia, etc., cause great suffering to patients. With the decline of body function, the patient may abandon the original activity, and a vicious circle. If conditions permit, the patient should be encouraged to get active as possible, do not prematurely bedridden. This can slow down the decline of body functions and can increase confidence in the patients from themselves.
Advanced cancer patients will produce a sens
e of solitude from the society, showing indifference and fear of being abandoned. This loneliness to endure during the day are still capable, to the night nurse was seeking attention. That patients should not look for trouble but to show boredom and apathy, should be more inspections, proactively address the needs of patients, or allow family members to accompany live, so that patients feel comfort. End-stage patients often reversed and dependence, that is, back to the early psychological development, as children seek protection, rely on more care. This is a self-defense mechanism, the patient should be allowed to have more dependent than usual to give more care.
Although end-stage patients should not know the exact progression of the disease, the patient will feel that life is about to end, therefore, need to take a variety of support measures to relieve the suffering of patients, to ease the fear of death, and maintain the dignity of the patient . End stage patients should attach importance to the tiny patients desire as much as possible to meet the patient's physiological needs, social needs, this is the best psychological support of patients. When the condition deteriorated rapidly, a variety of treatment failure, the patient will appear in the emotional reactions of anger and despair, even suicidal intent, should be more to the interest and add attention to prevent accidents. There are also some patients prefer a quiet, willing to return home from the hospital, with his family, and then died.
Psychological care of patients with gastric cancer (e) the impact of cancer on the family noon
Cancer is not only the individual patient, but also affect their families. As a patient person closest to the spouse, parents or children, often suffering is heavier than the patients, and patients equally after their emotional reaction to cancer. In particular, take care of the patient's family, in extreme anxiety, care still need to undertake the heavy task of day and night, whenever the patient's suffering can not be solved, nurses, patients and their families need support and help. Relieve the suffering of the families of patients with guidance, to explain to the family and the condition changes the prognosis of patients, family members do not care when the patient is to facilitate family members, and when conditions permit, the appropriate arrangements for family members to rest, these are the bounden duty of nurses, but also great comfort to the patient.