Abdomen deep in our bodies, there is a very small inconspicuous organ, it is the pancreas. Pancreas is small, but the role of the extraordinary, to say that it is the most important body organs. The reason why the pancreas is the most important organs of the body, because it is a both endocrine and exocrine gland function, its physiological function and pathological changes are closely linked with life.
Pancreas "seclusion" in the retroperitoneum, known as its neighbors far from the stomach, duodenum, liver, gallbladder, pancreas and the secretion of pancreatic juice but several digestive enzymes in the digestive process in food acts as a "hero" role, in particular, of fat digestion.
What will happen pancreatic cancer, in the secretion, although the pancreas is small, but contains a variety of functions of the endocrine cells, such as the secretion of glucose, insulin, gastrin, motilin and so on. These cells secrete hormones involved in digestion and absorption of substances in addition to, but also the body responsible for regulating physiological function. If these cell disease, the secretion of excess or shortage of materials, symptoms will appear.
What will happen pancreatic cancer, pancreatic endocrine cells that have both exocrine gland cells, exocrine cells, including duct cells and acinar cells. Therefore, the tumor can be divided into exocrine pancreatic tumors, endocrine tumors and in interstitial tissue tumors. Benign and malignant exocrine tumors of the points, mainly from pancreatic ductal cancer epithelium to adenocarcinoma the most common (accounting for more than 90% of pancreatic cancer), squamous cell carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma and acinar cells derived from acinar cells carcinoma, acinar cystadenocarcinoma are rare (accounting for about 10%), the above collectively referred to as pancreatic cancer. Exocrine cells in benign tumors (accounting for 10% of pancreatic tumors), including the origin of the catheter in the duct epithelial adenoma, intraductal papilloma, serous cystadenoma, mucinous cystadenoma, and originated in the solid and acinar cells cystic tumor. Endocrine tumors, including insulinoma, gastrinoma (Zhuoyi syndrome), intestinal peptide tumors (Verner-Morrison syndrome), glucagon tumors, pancreatic somatostatin cell tumor, non-functional islet cell tumors (pancreatic polypeptide tumor). Interstitial tissue lymphoma and pancreatic tumors, including pancreatic sarcoma (rare). Apart from the above description of the pancreatic tumor, there is a special kind of pancreatic pseudocyst.
(1), pancreatic cystadenoma: occur in older women, in the clinical, imaging, gross pathology and cystadenocarcinoma is difficult to distinguish. The main clinical manifestations were abdominal pain and symptoms of gastrointestinal obstruction, obstructive Yellow Fever is rare. Surgical resection is the only method of treatment.
(2) Insulinoma: The most common pancreatic endocrine tumor, the tumor cells from the pancreas, because a large number of B cells to secrete insulin into the blood, causing a series of low blood sugar the main symptoms. Insulinoma can be vicious, but simply very difficult to determine from the morphology of benign or malignant, the diagnosis of malignant insulinoma is the most reliable indicator of the transfer. Typical symptoms of fasting hypoglycemia episodes, including disturbance of consciousness, sympathetic nerve activity performance (cold sweat, pale, palpitation, cold extremities), psychosis, epilepsy Yan leaves four symptoms. Determine the onset of symptoms caused by low blood sugar is an important basis for the diagnosis, confirmed episodes of hypoglycemia, intravenous glucose will immediately terminate the attack, is a classic Whipple triad, the diagnosis of significant value. Early surgical repair should be.
(3), gastrinoma: can occur at any age, the incidence rate second only to insulin tumor originated in the islet cells in G 2 / 3 of patients with malignant from the transfer to intractable ulcer disease and is characterized by diarrhea. Gastrinoma may also occur in the antrum and duodenum. 90% of the patients had symptoms of peptic ulcer, 60% of the patients had bleeding, perforation or pyloric obstruction and other ulcer complications, 10% of patients with diarrhea as a prominent symptom. Diagnosis relies on serum gastrin in gastric juice analysis and determination of treatment including the control of gastric acid secretion and removal of the high gastrinoma in two ways. Have unresectable tumors or metastasis, no effective treatment.
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