Arterial embolization cancer therapy, cancer treatment during the process of a substance through the catheter into the blood vessel, and make block, this therapy is now more widely used in the treatment of tumors that can selectively block the arteries of the local tumor supply can reach the purpose of palliative care. Also can be used before surgery to control bleeding, the use of substances called bolt reward. At present many kinds of embolic agents, common are:
(1) absolute alcohol: as a liquid embolic agent. The mechanism is caused by embolization of vascular intimal injury with minimal blood protein denaturation, the formation of solidification of the mixture into the sky embolization effect. As a good long-term treatment of tumor embolization agent.
(2) stainless steel ring: can be made into different sizes to fit to embolization of blood vessels. Embolization is also a long-acting agents, but only the proximal artery embolization, easy to establish collateral circulation.
(3) autologous blood clot and organization: This is the first application of an embolic agent, can be absorbed within 1-2 days, leaving revascularization. So it is a short-acting embolic agents, does not apply to the palliative treatment of cancer, and more for emergency bleeding.
(4) gelatin sponge: a clinical application of a maximum of embolic agents, the advantage is safe non-toxic, easily obtained, usually in 7-21 days after being absorbed, can be absorbed through blood vessels. From the time of thrombosis is a thrombosis in the effective agent.
(5) PVA: a non-toxic, tissue compatibility, not absorbed in the body long long-term embolic agent.
(6) Park emulsion shy: be injected through the hepatic artery, and remain in the tumor blood vessels to generate microvascular thrombosis. Anticancer drugs can also be mixed or marks on the radionuclide and chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
(7) microcapsules or microspheres: microcapsules can be wrapped anti-cancer drugs such as mitomycin C microcapsules, the top lead microcapsules, such as a microencapsulated ammonia chatter Ridge chemotherapy embolization. Radionuclides can also be wrapped for radiation therapy, In addition, some embolic agent such as tissue adhesive, silicon from the same may be from the balloon, also has been used in clinic.
At present the tumor arterial embolization can be used in clinical liver, kidney, pelvic tumors and head and neck tumor treatment. Almost all patients after embolization will appear in the "post-embolization syndrome" that is, nausea, vomiting, local pain and fever and other symptoms, the severity of these symptoms varies, 3-7 days to maintain the general symptoms, symptomatic treatment can be mitigated. Intubation complications caused by the local hematoma, arterial intimal injury, arterial dissection, arterial stenosis, occlusion, and pseudoaneurysm formation flying non-target organs were embolism is a serious complication of embolization, such as spleen infarction, pancreatic infarction, renal infarction, gallbladder necrosis, intestinal necrosis. Hepatic artery embolization to do, often can lead to gastritis, gastric ulcer.Tumor arterial embolization may also lead to liver and kidney failure complications. All these adverse effects or complications of embolization therapy in the implementation should be closely observed, while for timely processing.